近代博学通儒王国维在其名著《人间词话》中写到，古今之成大事业、大学问者，必经三种境界：第一境界是 “ 昨夜西风凋碧树 , 独上高楼，望尽天涯路。 ” 第二境界是 “ 衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴。 ” 第三境界是 “ 众里寻她千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在，灯火阑珊处。 ” 对于创业者而言，需要从无到有、从小到大做一件事情，开创一番自己的事业，亦可将其同 “ 成大事业、大学问者 ” 相比，其历程也必经上述三重境界。

境界一 :“ 昨夜西风凋碧树，独上高楼，望尽天涯路。” 创业者在创业前期，最重要的就是目标的选择。好的开始是成功的一半，如果没有明确的目标，只凭一时的冲动，朝三暮四，要想获得创业的成功无疑于航船在黑暗的海面上行驶。这样的成功可能更多缘于侥幸，而这样的失败却是一种必然。诚然，创业方向的选择是一件令人困惑的事情，有时甚至带有很偶然的因素，但如果要成功必然需要扎实周全的前期准备：需要通过对环境的详细分析，找出环境对于自身的机会和威胁，从而可以趋利避害；要全面深刻认识自我，了解自己的优势与劣势，以便能够做到扬长避短。在分析了内外环境的基础上，高瞻远瞩，把握机会，确定方向，为成功创业引领正确的航向。

境界二： “ 衣带渐宽终不悔，为伊消得人憔悴。” 一旦确定了方向，创业者必须持之以恒，不懈努力，切忌临门一脚，而后悄无声息。创业要成功，必须按部就班，按照一定的步骤稳扎稳打，才能提高创业成功的几率。干了几天就没兴趣，或是遇到挫折就心灰意冷，或是不断更换目标，这都是创业的大忌。即使是好的项目，没有艰辛的付出也很难收获成功。再者，现在市场意识已经深入人心，大家都在搜寻好机会，轻轻松松获得成功的例子早已是明日黄花，在竞争如此激烈的市场中没有谁会随随便便成功。所以，此时的创业者需要知难而进、埋头苦干、不畏艰难、不怕冷嘲热讽、不怕失败、勇往直前。

境界三：“ 众里寻她千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在，灯火阑珊处。” 当创业者经过不懈努力，所追求的事业获得初步成功的时候，他往往感到力不从心，自己的精力、知识都跟不上事业发展的需要了。随着事业的成长、规模的扩大，创业者不可能再做到像刚创业时那样事必躬亲、凡事都亲自过问了。这时候，创业者需要建立健全的规章制度，选拔使用优秀的管理者替代自己，依靠完善的制度，通过分权、授权，将一部分日常工作交给下属去做，而自己专心于研究企业的发展方向，进行战略性思考。这一境界要求创业者及早关注企业制度建设，学会选人、用人，知人善任，替自己分忧解难。

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2008-12-04 04:04:47

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