所谓创业心智模式，是指企业如何利用不确定的环境，创造商机的思考方式。一旦企业主管能培养这类的心智模式，并使之成为自己的第二直觉，就能在不确定的经营环境中，不断察觉潜在的商机，毫不迟疑地抢先开发，进而创造收益，甚至化敌为友，与市场的不确定性并肩作战！

   如何培养创业家的心智模式呢？哥伦比亚大学教授麦格洛斯(RitaGuntherMcGrath)，与华盛顿商学院教授麦克米伦(IanMacMillan)指出，管理者首先得停止使用以往强调市场占有率、经济规模等数字为主的旧经营模式，原因无他，实在是因为经理人所面对的，已不再是一个可以用经验推测的世界，而是一个全然不确定的未来。

    换言之，过去可以根据经验所累积的知识制定策略的方式，现在却得根据许多“假设”来做规划；过去，管理者最大的成就是达成预订的目标，现在最大的挑战却是如何以最低的成本，将最多的假设转换为实用的知识。而这种“探索式的规划”，正是培养出创业心智模式，成为“常态性创业家”的必备条件。

    常态性创业家与一般人不同的地方在于：他们会利用不确定创造商机而非回避；面对不可预知的未来时，他们有化繁为简的能力，至于对自己所承担的风险，则采取较正面的态度，可以欣然接受失败换得的经验。

    常态性创业家的五大共同特质为：

    一：积极寻找新的机会。常态性创业家总是对周围的变化保持警觉，并从中寻找可用的商机。他们所发现的新商业模式，有时可能导致收入、成本，以及经营模式的大变革。网际网络成为新的商业中介途径，并创造了许多高价网络股，就是因为投资人预期这种把日常经济活动虚拟化，搬上网络世界交易的商业模式，可能带来庞大的潜在获利。

    二：训练有素地追求商机。常态性创业家随时都在找寻可用的机会，然后一一记下这些尚待开发的商机，成为自己的库存方案。当然，他也会经常检视这些库存方案，一旦时机成熟，立即付诸实际行动。 

   三：只选择最佳商机作为努力的目标。尽管敏锐的创业家可以在不确定的时代中，嗅出许多商机，但他们不会野心太大，把自己，甚至整个企业的人力都耗费在每个商机的追求上。真正具有创业心智模式的常态性创业家，只会锁定最有前景的机会，全力以赴。

   四：采取应变式的策略执行方式。常态性创业家对于新的商机，不会仅止于空谈或分析研究阶段，而会落实执行。不过在落实执行的同时，他们也会随环境变化采取应有的应变与修正，走出最佳的商机开展途径。

    五：激发所有相关人士为共同目标奋斗。常态性创业家并不单打独斗，他们在追求一个商机目标时，会试着引发所有企业内外与该目标有关人士的注意，进而营造一个相关网络，并运用这个资源体系来达成他们想要追求的目标。

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